Deconstructing Universality: Jean-François Lyotard's Postmodern Challenge to Grand Narratives

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Jean-Francois Lyotard is a twentieth-century French philosopher, sociologist, structuralist, and literary theorist. In 1924, he was not only famous for his literary theory but also recognized for his works in art and involvement in politics. Lyotard is widely known for his rejection of meta-narratives, universality, and generality.

Lyotard's ideas are all about challenging big, universal theories and narratives. He questions the Enlightenment's universal claims and aims to break down the foundational principles behind them.

Lyotard is said to be the father of postmodernism, criticizing grand narratives and widely acclaimed theories of previous eras, saying that there is no area of grand narratives in postmodernism, such as religion and science. He claims that there exists no objective reality or universal truth. The shape and design of truth varies from person to person, and every individual views the world in accordance with his perceptions of the world. Truth shapes itself with respect to context.

He has articulated his views about postmodernism and meta-narratives in one of his books, "The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge" (1979).

He is also widely criticized for his worldviews and rejection of objective reality and for claiming that everything has become very subjective. This subjectivity has no ground to stand and could be replaced by any other idea or micro-narrative.

He also wrote some articles and essays during the seven weeks of MAY-68, reflecting his views on politics, art, design, and libidinal economy. Some of his major works include Discourse, Figure, Libidinal Economy, The Sublime, The Differend, Collapse of the Grand Narratives and Language Games, and others.

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